Culture as a Center Study of Archaeology

Archeology as a science is all about the history of humanity. It discovers new facts about our ancestors, their life style, believes and traditions. Knowing the history means understanding the processes that are happening in the world today and also understanding traditions and cultures of other nations and nationalities. Culture is also a center study of archeology as it is closely connected and is a part of a history.
Non-material culture refers to the intangible or non-physical aspects of a culture. Things that cannot be held or touch like speaking language, behavior, beliefs, religion and value systems. These things cannot be preserve and cease to exist when a particular civilization or society becomes extinct. Material culture, on the other hand, encompasses the physical leftovers by the past ancient peoples. Fossils and artifacts such as tools, weapons, buildings and etc. are the physical remnants of the past. These remnants are usually preserved through the centuries by the natural elements from elements of rust, corrosion, erosion and decay. However, it's not always that these remnants are preserved in a complete good condition. Things do not turn up in complete sets. Usually, they are worn out and fragmented pieces from a certain artifact or fossil. This is due to exposure in the places or soil which they are found to also elements of decay and corrosion. It may also be due in part to human or animal activities which cause these things to be lost or fragmented.
Ancient civilizations and societies usually turn up with little or no written records at all about them and if there are, they have never been found. This is where archeology is different from the study of history. Since archeologists have very little to no written recordings of ancient cultures and since culture in and by itself is non-material, they can only rely on the physical evidence left behind by the ancients to tell and help them document and record about the past. This is where material culture is most important to archeologists. Like forensic experts, archeologists conduct extensive studies and research on these artifacts and fossils of evidence and try to reconstruct a picture the cultures of the ancient as completely as possible. From this, they deduce a relative idea of the culture, lifestyles of these ancient civilizations.
Things like statues and buildings from the past give a general idea or picture of how the people might look and dress physically and how they might have lived or work. They also might give an insight to their beliefs and religions. Movies like Indiana Jones often give people the false impression that archeology is adventurous treasure hunting in far off exotic places. That was how archeology started out in the past. People were more concerned in great findings of exotic and beautiful artifacts and structures. It was not until very much later when archeology became recognized as a science that people began to focus more on finding the small or ordinary things left behind by a culture or civilization. Things like tools, cutlery, weapons, clothing, utensils and even stationery usually speak more volumes on the culture and lifestyle of the ancients than those huge finds. They reveal more especially about the general population of commoners of that time, not only the rulers or nobles.

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Aliens in Archaeology

As you read this book you will have to suspend the disbelief you feel when confronted with my assertions that for at least 5000 years man has been in close contact all over the world. If you have read my other books you will know I have made the case better than any and that there are lots of good scholars who agree with me.

Puma Puncu and Lake Titicaca may provide the proof as a recent research team finally checks out the spires of ancient buildings that fishermen have tied their boats to for millennia. Here high in the Andes we know there were astronomers who also were in Central America where the Earth Energy Grid allowed something fantastic to dovetail with other places including Giza. The Cosmic energy and earth energy in concert with their soulful energy was able to build psycho-spiritual attunements that have only recently been sublimated by most nations or our leaders. Yet these leaders are members of cults or Christian Mystery Schools like the Rosicrucians who use this occult knowledge against us.

I think there is a great chance that it was well understood 15,000 years ago by Andean astronomers who were Kelts and later became Chachapoyas and leaders of the Incas in a time when much of the real knowledge had diminished. High above the clouds they could see the Milky Way formation that looks like a serpent without the glass lenses that they got from the slow moving lava flows and that have been found at La Venta in Mexico and in modern day Ecuador by archaeologists. Quetzalcoatl, Kukulcan, Viracocha, Xolotl and others are the 'travelers' who I think I have proven are Druids through many sources in other books. Here is a little of the Theosophist viewpoint on the serpent or Dragon wisdom that led Central America and included people boarding their kid's heads to look like serpents.

"We read in The Secret Doctrine that fohat, divine messenger, intelligent cosmic electricity, who at the Divine Word proceeds forth to create worlds and the beings thereon, moves in a serpentine course, generates spirals; and this spiral plan of evolution is imitated throughout nature, from the nebulae to the spiral growth of plants. The serpent means divine wisdom, creative intelligence; and Masters of Wisdom are called serpents -- which gives a new meaning to the injunction "Be ye wise as Serpents." Hermes or Mercury carries the caduceus, a wand with two serpents entwined on a staff; the Chinese made the serpent the emblem of their emperors; the Druids called themselves snakes; serpent-emblems called Dracontia once covered the globe and are still found; Quetzalcohuatl was the snake-deity of the ancient Mexicans; dragons are found throughout ancient symbology with the same sense. But we also hear of evil serpents. The Gnostics spoke of an Agathodaimon and a Kakodaimon, or a good and an evil divinity, represented as serpents; Hercules slays Python; Apollo at birth overcomes a serpent, but does it by means of another serpent -- the higher wisdom in man overcoming the lower. The two nodes of the moon, Rahu and Ketu, are called the Dragon's head and tail. So the serpent can represent the duality of human nature -- which is but a copy of the duality in cosmos. A dual geometry may be based on the right and left helical curves. There is the serpent of spirit and the serpent of matter, the heavenly wisdom from above and the earthly wisdom from below, of which Paul speaks so often." (1)

There are many books that Adrian Gilbert, Robert Bauval, Robert Schoch and others have done which show the correspondences between Egyptian and Mayan prophecy. I regard a lot of this as mere rationalization of Armageddon type fear-mongering and 'miss'-story. Inevitably they draw alien influences into the game and often they see it going from Egypt to the Sarmoung Brotherhood rather than having an earth-based prior culture in places such as archaeology does now prove. I have documented these things in books starting with Diverse Druids. The chances of my work getting a real publisher are minimal as a result. Archaeologists do not integrate all the discoveries throughout the world and the media in the US refuses to report on finds such as Yonaguni or tell us why Kennewick Man's site was destroyed. I know 60 Minutes asked that pointed question but I have yet to find an answer as to who did this or allowed it to happen the day before Congressional Bills were set to take effect.

The correspondences of the Mayan calendar with Egypt are real in some ways and I do not throw away the information provided. I do however look for the science to explain these things rather than take the easy answer which fits a paradigm that has fed excrement to us about Elohim or other alien influences for the last five thousand years.


World-Mysteries.com guest expert
Regular columnist for The ES Press Magazine
Author of Diverse Druids

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The Advantages of Herbal Medicine

Herbal medicine is becoming ever more popular in today's world as people seek out natural remedies. If you look around the market is flooded with products claiming to be natural and herbal.

It may be puzzling to some as to how or why this sudden want or need for these products started. Maybe its because we are becoming a nation ever more conscious of our health and well being or perhaps it's a media driven desire to be more like the glamorous celebrities who endorse such items. However herbal remedies and natural treatments themselves are not a new thing, in fact they date back many millions of years.

The earliest accounts of the use of these types of remedies date back to 2800BC from China. Archaeology from early civilisations has shown the use of plants in burials and ceremonies.

Herbal medicines have fallen in and out of favour with man throughout the ages. However they have continued to develop and are once again gaining popularity in today's world, particularly as there are growing concerns about the safety and side effects of pharmaceutical drugs. In light of this, herbal remedies are offering a safe and natural alternative for many ailments.

Below are some advantages of natural and herbal medicines.

Costs.

Herbal treatments cost much less than their prescription counterparts. They're also more convenient as they can be purchased over the counter from any health food store without the need for a prescription. Remember though, it is important to check with your doctor before taking any type of medication as natural does not always mean safe and many natural substances can often be dangerous.

Herbal medication is not categorized as drugs, they are considered as food, this is because they are natural and can be marketed as dietary supplements without the need for a prescription. Supplements are not subjected to the same strict scientific inspection as prescription medication. Also prescription drugs, unlike herbal remedies do not have to be tested in order to prove they work and are safe before being marketed.

Herbal medicines may not be pure and it's possible they may contain pollen or other such contaminates which could induce sickness. Currently standardized manufacturing and testing is much needed in the herbal industry.

Strength and Effectiveness.

People have many and varied reasons for seeking out alternative remedies but often include dissatisfaction with the more traditional healthcare treatments. It is worth remembering though that the benefits and effectiveness of alternative medicine is often individual to the patient concerned.

The strength of the remedy may also vary and has many factors including the variation or strain of the plant or herb used, the growing methods, how it is harvested, the way it has been preserved and the exposure to light, air and moisture during its growth.

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Archaeology Schools Around the World

The study of human culture using environmental information and material culture such as landscapes, biofacts, artifacts, and architecture is known as the science of archaeology. There are many people who are interested in studying archaeology and not many people know that there are several best schools for archaeology existing around the world. Let's take a look at some of these schools.

For those who are interested in studying the human culture in Iraq, they may study at the British School of Archaeology in Iraq. This school is located in Great Britain and focuses on studies related to Mesopotamia's languages and ancient civilizations. It was in 1932 when this school was founded and ever since, the British School of Archaeology in Iraq has always been considered as on the best schools for archaeology. Aside from the funds coming from the British Government, the British School of Archaeology also receives funds from private individuals and organizations. The British School of Archaeology has been known as the British Institute for the Study of Iraq since December 12, 2007.

In Greece, the best school for archaeology is the Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece. It is a foreign archaeological institute in the nation and its head office is situated in Athens, Greece. The University of Lausanne in Switzerland is the one hosting the school. While its head office is located at Odos Skaramanga 4B, it has several offices in Eretria.

Also in Athens, Greece, another best school for archaeology is the Italian School of Archaeology. This school is only one of the seventeen best international schools for archaeology that have headquarters in Athens, Greece. While its headquarters is in Athens, its branch offices are situated in Rome, Limnos, and Crete. Founded in 1909, the library of the Italian School of Archaeology has a large library. Among the places where the school has conducted archaeological studies are Thouria and Aigialeia, while the places where it has conducted excavations include the Roman city of Gortyn, Agia Triada, Phaistos, Crete, Chloe, Hephaisteia, and Poliochni.

Another best school for archaeology is the School for American Archaeology. It was introduced in 1907 but its name has already been changed twice. First, it was changed to the School of American Research and in 2007, it was changed to the School for Advanced Research on the Human Experience. Situated in Santa Fe, New Mexico in the United States, the focus of the school includes international standpoint on humanities, social science disciplines, and anthropology. Residential fellowships are offered to scholars as well as artists. Moreover, non-fiction and academic reading materials are being published by the school through the publication SAR Press.

These are only some of the many best schools for archaeology existing worldwide. In Athens, Greece alone, there are several best schools that focus on archaeology including The American School of Classical Studies at Athens, the Georgian Institute at Athens, the French School at Athens, the Finnish School at Athens, and the Canadian Institute in Greece.

Indeed, those who are interested in studying archaeology have a lot of best schools to choose from.

Visit these sites if you want more information about best schools for archaeology or how to become a surgeon in particular.

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